下面我们来介绍一下javascript execCommand方法,可以说javascript execCommand是复文本框必不可少的方法。今天上午的文章js复文本函数,是用自己封装的函数方法来写的,通常项目中一般不这么写,复文本加粗,倾斜,下划线,字体等等方法,大多是用document.execCommand方法。
下面对document.execCommand方法做一下简单介绍:
当document对象被转换为设计模式的时候(选中,设置contentEditable等),document对象提供了一个execCommand方法,通过给这个方法传递参数命令可以操作可编辑区域的内容。这个方法的命令大多数是对document选中区域的操作 (如bold, italics等), 也可以插入一个元素(如增加一个a链接) 或者修改一个完整行 (如缩进).。当元素被设置了contentEditable,通过执行execCommand 方法可以对当前活动元素进行很多操作。
语法
execCommand(String aCommandName, Boolean aShowDefaultUI, String aValueArgument)
参数
String aCommandName //命令名称
Boolean aShowDefaultUI // 是否展示用户界面,默认为false。Mozilla没有实现
String aValueArgument // 一些命令需要一些额外的参数值(如insertimage需要提供这个image的url)。默认为null。
命令名称介绍(第一个参数)
backColor (用法:document.execCommand(”BackColor”,”false”,sColor); )
改变文档的背景颜色。 在styleWithCss模式,它影响的是包含元素的背景。 这个命令要求提供一个颜色值作为第三个参数 (Internet Explorer 使用这个命令设置文本背景色)
bold (用法: document.execCommand(”Bold”,”false”,null); )
对选中文本或者插入元素设置、取消粗体显示. (Internet Explorer 使用STRONG 标签 而不是 B标签。)
contentReadOnly
转化文档进入只读或者可编辑模式. 这个命令要求提供给一个boolean值给第3个参数(ie不支持)。
copy 用法:document.execCommand(”Copy”,”false”,null);
把当前选中区域复制 到系统剪贴板。使用这个命令需要首先在 user.js 接口中进行激活。
createLink
当有选中区域的时候,使用这个命令转化选中区域为一个锚点,需要提供一个URI给第3个参数. 这个URI必须至少包含一个字符,空白字符也可。(Internet Explorer 会创建一个URI为空的a标签)
cut 用法:document.execCommand(”Cut”,”false”,null);
剪切选中文本到剪切板. 同copy一样需要开启剪切板功能。
decreaseFontSize
给选中文本或者插入元素添加一个small标签。(Internet Explorer不支持)
delete
删除当前选中区域
enableInlineTableEditing
开启或禁用表的行和列的插入删除功能 ( Internet Explorer不支持)
enableObjectResizing
开启或禁用图片或者其他可resize元素的resize功能 ( Internet Explorer不支持)
fontName 用法:document.execCommand(”FontName”,”false”,sFontName);
改变选中文本或者插入元素的字体。需要给第3个参数提供一个字体值
fontSize 用法:document.execCommand(”FontSize”,”false”,sSize|iSize);
改变选中文本或者插入元素的字体大小。需要给第3个参数提供一个数字
foreColor
改变选中文本或者插入元素的字体颜色。需要给第3个参数提供一个颜色值
上面是最常用的命令,其他命令暂不列举!
看到上面的用法,大家心动了吧,我现在给大家举几个简单的例子:
demo1:
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function SetToBold () {
document.execCommand ('bold', false, null);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div contenteditable="true" onmouseup="SetToBold ();">选择文本加粗,放开文本不加粗,哈哈哈,haorooms</div>
</body>
demo2, 用iframe方法,模仿编辑器
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var editorDoc;
function InitEditable () {
var editor = document.getElementById ("editor");
editorDoc = editor.contentWindow.document;
var editorBody = editorDoc.body;
// turn off spellcheck
if ('spellcheck' in editorBody) { // Firefox
editorBody.spellcheck = false;
}
if ('contentEditable' in editorBody) {
// allow contentEditable
editorBody.contentEditable = true;
}
else { // Firefox earlier than version 3
if ('designMode' in editorDoc) {
// turn on designMode
editorDoc.designMode = "on";
}
}
}
function ToggleBold () {
editorDoc.execCommand ('bold', false, null);
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="InitEditable ();">
首先在编辑器中选中文本
<br />
<iframe id="editor" src="editable.htm"></iframe>
<br /><br />
点击加粗,我会变粗,选中,点击加粗,我会不加粗!
<br />
<button onclick="ToggleBold ();">加粗</button>
</body>
editable.htm
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Editable 例子</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
haorooms在编辑器中
</body>
</html>
demo3, 用iframe方法,模仿编辑器,用的是一个iframe啊,你可以复制上面的内容,代码如下,案例预览
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var editorDoc;
function InitEditable () {
var editor = document.getElementById ("editor");
if (editor.contentDocument)
editorDoc = editor.contentDocument;
else
editorDoc = editor.contentWindow.document;
var editorBody = editorDoc.body;
// turn off spellcheck
if ('spellcheck' in editorBody) { // Firefox
editorBody.spellcheck = false;
}
if ('contentEditable' in editorBody) {
// allow contentEditable
editorBody.contentEditable = true;
}
else { // Firefox earlier than version 3
if ('designMode' in editorDoc) {
// turn on designMode
editorDoc.designMode = "on";
}
}
}
function ToggleBold () {
editorDoc.execCommand ('bold', false, null);
}
function ToggleItalic () {
editorDoc.execCommand ('italic', false, null);
}
function SetRed () {
editorDoc.execCommand ('foreColor', false, "#ff0000");
}
function Delete () {
editorDoc.execCommand ('delete', false, null);
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="InitEditable ();">
First, write and select some text in the editor.
<br />
<iframe id="editor" src="editable.htm"></iframe>
<br /><br />
You can use the following buttons to change the appearance of the selected text:
<br /><br />
<button onclick="ToggleBold ();">加粗</button>
<button onclick="ToggleItalic ();">斜体</button>
<button onclick="SetRed ();">红色</button>
<button onclick="Delete ();">删除</button>
</body>
demo4,直接对文本进行操作,案例预览
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function GetNextLeaf (node) {
while (!node.nextSibling) {
node = node.parentNode;
if (!node) {
return node;
}
}
var leaf = node.nextSibling;
while (leaf.firstChild) {
leaf = leaf.firstChild;
}
return leaf;
}
function GetPreviousLeaf (node) {
while (!node.previousSibling) {
node = node.parentNode;
if (!node) {
return node;
}
}
var leaf = node.previousSibling;
while (leaf.lastChild) {
leaf = leaf.lastChild;
}
return leaf;
}
// If the text content of an element contains white-spaces only, then does not need to colorize
function IsTextVisible (text) {
for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
if (text[i] != ' ' && text[i] != '\t' && text[i] != '\r' && text[i] != '\n')
return true;
}
return false;
}
function ColorizeLeaf (node, color) {
if (!IsTextVisible (node.textContent))
return;
var parentNode = node.parentNode;
// if the node does not have siblings and the parent is a span element, then modify its color
if (!node.previousSibling && !node.nextSibling) {
if (parentNode.tagName.toLowerCase () == "span") {
parentNode.style.color = color;
return;
}
}
// Create a span element around the node
var span = document.createElement ("span");
span.style.color = color;
var nextSibling = node.nextSibling;
parentNode.removeChild (node);
span.appendChild (node);
parentNode.insertBefore (span, nextSibling);
}
function ColorizeLeafFromTo (node, color, from, to) {
var text = node.textContent;
if (!IsTextVisible (text))
return;
if (from < 0)
from = 0;
if (to < 0)
to = text.length;
if (from == 0 && to >= text.length) {
// to avoid unnecessary span elements
ColorizeLeaf (node, color);
return;
}
var part1 = text.substring (0, from);
var part2 = text.substring (from, to);
var part3 = text.substring (to, text.length);
var parentNode = node.parentNode;
var nextSibling = node.nextSibling;
parentNode.removeChild (node);
if (part1.length > 0) {
var textNode = document.createTextNode (part1);
parentNode.insertBefore (textNode, nextSibling);
}
if (part2.length > 0) {
var span = document.createElement ("span");
span.style.color = color;
var textNode = document.createTextNode (part2);
span.appendChild (textNode);
parentNode.insertBefore (span, nextSibling);
}
if (part3.length > 0) {
var textNode = document.createTextNode (part3);
parentNode.insertBefore (textNode, nextSibling);
}
}
function ColorizeNode (node, color) {
var childNode = node.firstChild;
if (!childNode) {
ColorizeLeaf (node, color);
return;
}
while (childNode) {
// store the next sibling of the childNode, because colorizing modifies the DOM structure
var nextSibling = childNode.nextSibling;
ColorizeNode (childNode, color);
childNode = nextSibling;
}
}
function ColorizeNodeFromTo (node, color, from, to) {
var childNode = node.firstChild;
if (!childNode) {
ColorizeLeafFromTo (node, color, from, to);
return;
}
for (var i = from; i < to; i++) {
ColorizeNode (node.childNodes[i], color);
}
}
function ColorizeSelection (color) {
if (window.getSelection) { // all browsers, except IE before version 9
var selectionRange = window.getSelection ();
if (selectionRange.isCollapsed) {
alert ("Please select some content first!");
}
else {
var range = selectionRange.getRangeAt (0);
// store the start and end points of the current selection, because the selection will be removed
var startContainer = range.startContainer;
var startOffset = range.startOffset;
var endContainer = range.endContainer;
var endOffset = range.endOffset;
// because of Opera, we need to remove the selection before modifying the DOM hierarchy
selectionRange.removeAllRanges ();
if (startContainer == endContainer) {
ColorizeNodeFromTo (startContainer, color, startOffset, endOffset);
}
else {
if (startContainer.firstChild) {
var startLeaf = startContainer.childNodes[startOffset];
}
else {
var startLeaf = GetNextLeaf (startContainer);
ColorizeLeafFromTo (startContainer, color, startOffset, -1);
}
if (endContainer.firstChild) {
if (endOffset > 0) {
var endLeaf = endContainer.childNodes[endOffset - 1];
}
else {
var endLeaf = GetPreviousLeaf (endContainer);
}
}
else {
var endLeaf = GetPreviousLeaf (endContainer);
ColorizeLeafFromTo (endContainer, color, 0, endOffset);
}
while (startLeaf) {
var nextLeaf = GetNextLeaf (startLeaf);
ColorizeLeaf (startLeaf, color);
if (startLeaf == endLeaf) {
break;
}
startLeaf = nextLeaf;
}
}
}
}
else {
// Internet Explorer before version 9
alert ("Your browser does not support this example!");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
用设置红色和蓝色的按钮,分别来操作文档中的文字哦!<br /><br />
<button onclick="ColorizeSelection ('#FF0000');">设置红色</button>
<button onclick="ColorizeSelection ('#0000FF');">设置蓝色</button>
<br />
<div>haorooms我是来呗选择的啊!</div>
<div><b>我是来被加粗的啊!</b></div>
</body>
上面就是javascript execCommand 作为复文本框,是不是很强大啊!